Guides
What is a gas fee? How Ethereum fees work, who gets paid and why they spike
A gas fee is what you pay Ethereum to run a transaction: gas used times the base fee plus an optional tip. The base fee is burned, the tip goes to the validator, and the price can climb 12.5% a block when the network gets busy.
Guides
Ethereum roadmap explained: Pectra, Fusaka and why Glamsterdam has no date
Ethereum upgrades through named hard forks. Pectra went live on May 7, 2025, and Fusaka on December 3, 2025. Glamsterdam, the next one, is live on the Sepolia testnet but was pulled from Hoodi in October 2026, and as of November 2, 2026, it has no mainnet date.
Infrastructure
Ethereum pulls Glamsterdam from its last testnet four days out. Is gas pricing the problem?
Client teams removed the October 26 Glamsterdam fork from the Hoodi testnet after security concerns were raised on a core developer call. No new date is set, mainnet users need to do nothing, and the mainnet date now waits on Hoodi.